Nektar++
PowerPressureArea.cpp
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1///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2//
3// File: PowerPressureArea.cpp
4//
5// For more information, please see: http://www.nektar.info
6//
7// The MIT License
8//
9// Copyright (c) 2006 Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University (USA),
10// Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London (UK), and Scientific
11// Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah (USA).
12//
13// License for the specific language governing rights and limitations under
14// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
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24// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
25// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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30// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
31//
32// Description: PowerPressureArea class
33//
34///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
36
37namespace Nektar
38{
39
43 "Power law pressure area relationship for the arterial system");
44
48 : PulseWavePressureArea(pVessel, pSession)
49{
50 m_session->LoadParameter("P_Collapse", P_Collapse,
51 -13.3322); // -10mmHg converted to kg / (cm s^2)
52}
53
55 const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0,
56 const NekDouble &dAUdx,
57 const NekDouble &gamma,
58 [[maybe_unused]] const NekDouble &alpha)
59{
60 NekDouble c0 = 0.0;
61 GetC0(c0, beta, A0);
62
63 NekDouble b = 0.0;
64 GetB(b, c0);
65
66 P = m_PExt +
67 (2 * m_rho * c0 * c0 / b) *
68 (pow((A / A0), b / 2) - 1) // Power law by Smith/Canic/Mynard
69 - A0 * gamma * dAUdx / (A * sqrt(A)); // Viscoelasticity
70}
71
73 const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0,
74 [[maybe_unused]] const NekDouble &alpha)
75{
76 NekDouble c0 = 0.0;
77 GetC0(c0, beta, A0);
78
79 NekDouble b = 0.0;
80 GetB(b, c0);
81
82 c = c0 * pow((A / A0), b / 4); // Elastic
83}
84
86 const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A,
87 const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha)
88{
89 NekDouble I = 0.0;
90 GetCharIntegral(I, beta, A, A0, alpha);
91
92 W1 = u + I; // Elastic and assumes u0 = 0
93}
94
96 const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A,
97 const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha)
98{
99 NekDouble I = 0.0;
100 GetCharIntegral(I, beta, A, A0, alpha);
101
102 W2 = u - I; // Elastic and assumes u0 = 0
103}
104
106 const NekDouble &W2,
107 const NekDouble &beta,
108 const NekDouble &A0,
109 [[maybe_unused]] const NekDouble &alpha)
110{
111 NekDouble c0 = 0.0;
112 GetC0(c0, beta, A0);
113
114 NekDouble b = 0.0;
115 GetB(b, c0);
116
117 A = A0 * pow(((b / (8 * c0)) * (W1 - W2) + 1), 4 / b);
118}
119
121 const NekDouble &W2)
122{
123 u = (W1 + W2) / 2;
124}
125
127 NekDouble &I, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A,
128 const NekDouble &A0, [[maybe_unused]] const NekDouble &alpha)
129{
130 NekDouble c = 0.0;
131 NekDouble c0 = 0.0;
132
133 GetC0(c0, beta, A0);
134 GetC(c, beta, A, A0);
135
136 NekDouble b = 0.0;
137 GetB(b, c0);
138
139 I = (4 / b) * (c - c0);
140}
141
145 const Array<OneD, NekDouble> &A0, const Array<OneD, NekDouble> &alpha,
146 const std::string &type)
147{
148 // General formulation
149 if (type == "Bifurcation")
150 {
151 NekMatrix<NekDouble> J(6, 6);
153
154 for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
155 {
156 GetC(c[i], beta[i], Au[i], A0[i], alpha[i]);
157 }
158
159 J.SetValue(0, 0, 1);
160 J.SetValue(0, 1, 0);
161 J.SetValue(0, 2, 0);
162 J.SetValue(0, 3, c[0] / Au[0]);
163 J.SetValue(0, 4, 0);
164 J.SetValue(0, 5, 0);
165
166 J.SetValue(1, 0, 0);
167 J.SetValue(1, 1, 1);
168 J.SetValue(1, 2, 0);
169 J.SetValue(1, 3, 0);
170 J.SetValue(1, 4, -c[1] / Au[1]);
171 J.SetValue(1, 5, 0);
172
173 J.SetValue(2, 0, 0);
174 J.SetValue(2, 1, 0);
175 J.SetValue(2, 2, 1);
176 J.SetValue(2, 3, 0);
177 J.SetValue(2, 4, 0);
178 J.SetValue(2, 5, -c[2] / Au[2]);
179
180 J.SetValue(3, 0, Au[0]);
181 J.SetValue(3, 1, -Au[1]);
182 J.SetValue(3, 2, -Au[2]);
183 J.SetValue(3, 3, uu[0]);
184 J.SetValue(3, 4, -uu[1]);
185 J.SetValue(3, 5, -uu[2]);
186
187 J.SetValue(4, 0, 2 * uu[0]);
188 J.SetValue(4, 1, -2 * uu[1]);
189 J.SetValue(4, 2, 0);
190 J.SetValue(4, 3, 2 * c[0] * c[0] / Au[0]);
191 J.SetValue(4, 4, -2 * c[1] * c[1] / Au[1]);
192 J.SetValue(4, 5, 0);
193
194 J.SetValue(5, 0, 2 * uu[0]);
195 J.SetValue(5, 1, 0);
196 J.SetValue(5, 2, -2 * uu[2]);
197 J.SetValue(5, 3, 2 * c[0] * c[0] / Au[0]);
198 J.SetValue(5, 4, 0);
199 J.SetValue(5, 5, -2 * c[2] * c[2] / Au[2]);
200
201 invJ = J;
202 invJ.Invert();
203 }
204 else if (type == "Merge")
205 {
206 NekMatrix<NekDouble> J(6, 6);
208
209 for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
210 {
211 GetC(c[i], beta[i], Au[i], A0[i], alpha[i]);
212 }
213
214 J.SetValue(0, 0, 1);
215 J.SetValue(0, 1, 0);
216 J.SetValue(0, 2, 0);
217 J.SetValue(0, 3, -c[0] / Au[0]);
218 J.SetValue(0, 4, 0);
219 J.SetValue(0, 5, 0);
220
221 J.SetValue(1, 0, 0);
222 J.SetValue(1, 1, 1);
223 J.SetValue(1, 2, 0);
224 J.SetValue(1, 3, 0);
225 J.SetValue(1, 4, c[1] / Au[1]);
226 J.SetValue(1, 5, 0);
227
228 J.SetValue(2, 0, 0);
229 J.SetValue(2, 1, 0);
230 J.SetValue(2, 2, 1);
231 J.SetValue(2, 3, 0);
232 J.SetValue(2, 4, 0);
233 J.SetValue(2, 5, c[2] / Au[2]);
234
235 J.SetValue(3, 0, Au[0]);
236 J.SetValue(3, 1, -Au[1]);
237 J.SetValue(3, 2, -Au[2]);
238 J.SetValue(3, 3, uu[0]);
239 J.SetValue(3, 4, -uu[1]);
240 J.SetValue(3, 5, -uu[2]);
241
242 J.SetValue(4, 0, 2 * uu[0]);
243 J.SetValue(4, 1, -2 * uu[1]);
244 J.SetValue(4, 2, 0);
245 J.SetValue(4, 3, 2 * c[0] * c[0] / Au[0]);
246 J.SetValue(4, 4, -2 * c[1] * c[1] / Au[1]);
247 J.SetValue(4, 5, 0);
248
249 J.SetValue(5, 0, 2 * uu[0]);
250 J.SetValue(5, 1, 0);
251 J.SetValue(5, 2, -2 * uu[2]);
252 J.SetValue(5, 3, 2 * c[0] * c[0] / Au[0]);
253 J.SetValue(5, 4, 0);
254 J.SetValue(5, 5, -2 * c[2] * c[2] / Au[2]);
255
256 invJ = J;
257 invJ.Invert();
258 }
259 else if (type == "Interface")
260 {
261 NekMatrix<NekDouble> J(4, 4);
263
264 for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
265 {
266 GetC(c[i], beta[i], Au[i], A0[i], alpha[i]);
267 }
268
269 J.SetValue(0, 0, 1);
270 J.SetValue(0, 1, 0);
271 J.SetValue(0, 2, c[0] / Au[0]);
272 J.SetValue(0, 3, 0);
273
274 J.SetValue(1, 0, 0);
275 J.SetValue(1, 1, 1);
276 J.SetValue(1, 2, 0);
277 J.SetValue(1, 3, -c[1] / Au[1]);
278
279 J.SetValue(2, 0, Au[0]);
280 J.SetValue(2, 1, -Au[1]);
281 J.SetValue(2, 2, uu[0]);
282 J.SetValue(2, 3, -uu[1]);
283
284 J.SetValue(3, 0, 2 * uu[0]);
285 J.SetValue(3, 1, -2 * uu[1]);
286 J.SetValue(3, 2, 2 * c[0] * c[0] / Au[0]);
287 J.SetValue(3, 3, -2 * c[1] * c[1] / Au[1]);
288
289 invJ = J;
290 invJ.Invert();
291 }
292}
293
295 const NekDouble &A0)
296{
297 // Reference c0 from the beta law
298 c0 = sqrt(beta * sqrt(A0) / (2 * m_rho));
299
300 /*
301 // Empirical approximation from Olufsen et al (1999)
302 NekDouble k1 = 3E3;
303 NekDouble k2 = -9;
304 NekDouble k3 = 337;
305 NekDouble PI = 3.14159265359;
306
307 NekDouble R0 = sqrt(A0 / PI);
308
309 c0 = sqrt(2 / (3 * m_rho) * (k1 * exp(k2 * R0) + k3));
310 */
311}
312
314{
315 b = 2 * m_rho * c0 * c0 / (m_PExt - P_Collapse);
316}
317
318} // namespace Nektar
tKey RegisterCreatorFunction(tKey idKey, CreatorFunction classCreator, std::string pDesc="")
Register a class with the factory.
void v_GetCharIntegral(NekDouble &I, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5) override
void GetC0(NekDouble &c0, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A0)
void v_GetUFromChars(NekDouble &u, const NekDouble &W1, const NekDouble &W2) override
PowerPressureArea(Array< OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr > pVessel, const LibUtilities::SessionReaderSharedPtr pSession)
void v_GetW2(NekDouble &W2, const NekDouble &u, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5) override
static std::string className
void v_GetPressure(NekDouble &P, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &dAUdx, const NekDouble &gamma=0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5) override
void v_GetJacobianInverse(NekMatrix< NekDouble > &invJ, const Array< OneD, NekDouble > &Au, const Array< OneD, NekDouble > &uu, const Array< OneD, NekDouble > &beta, const Array< OneD, NekDouble > &A0, const Array< OneD, NekDouble > &alpha, const std::string &type) override
void GetB(NekDouble &b, const NekDouble &c0)
void v_GetAFromChars(NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &W1, const NekDouble &W2, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5) override
void v_GetC(NekDouble &c, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5) override
void v_GetW1(NekDouble &W1, const NekDouble &u, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5) override
static PulseWavePressureAreaSharedPtr create(Array< OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr > &pVessel, const LibUtilities::SessionReaderSharedPtr &pSession)
void GetCharIntegral(NekDouble &I, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5)
void GetC(NekDouble &c, const NekDouble &beta, const NekDouble &A, const NekDouble &A0, const NekDouble &alpha=0.5)
LibUtilities::SessionReaderSharedPtr m_session
std::shared_ptr< SessionReader > SessionReaderSharedPtr
@ beta
Gauss Radau pinned at x=-1,.
Definition: PointsType.h:59
@ P
Monomial polynomials .
Definition: BasisType.h:62
PressureAreaFactory & GetPressureAreaFactory()
double NekDouble
scalarT< T > sqrt(scalarT< T > in)
Definition: scalar.hpp:285