Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS Class Reference

This processing module calculates the wall shear stress and adds it as an extra-field to the output file, and writes it to a surface output file. More...

#include <ProcessWSS.h>

Inheritance diagram for Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS:

Public Member Functions
	ProcessWSS (FieldSharedPtr f)
	~ProcessWSS () override
Public Member Functions inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract
	ProcessBoundaryExtract (FieldSharedPtr f)
	~ProcessBoundaryExtract () override
Public Member Functions inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessModule
	ProcessModule ()
	ProcessModule (FieldSharedPtr p_f)
Public Member Functions inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::Module
FIELD_UTILS_EXPORT	Module (FieldSharedPtr p_f)
virtual	~Module ()=default
void	Process (po::variables_map &vm)
std::string	GetModuleName ()
std::string	GetModuleDescription ()
const ConfigOption &	GetConfigOption (const std::string &key) const
ModulePriority	GetModulePriority ()
std::vector< ModuleKey >	GetModulePrerequisites ()
FIELD_UTILS_EXPORT void	RegisterConfig (std::string key, std::string value="")
	Register a configuration option with a module. More...
FIELD_UTILS_EXPORT void	PrintConfig ()
	Print out all configuration options for a module. More...
FIELD_UTILS_EXPORT void	SetDefaults ()
	Sets default configuration options for those which have not been set. More...
FIELD_UTILS_EXPORT void	AddFile (std::string fileType, std::string fileName)
FIELD_UTILS_EXPORT void	EvaluateTriFieldAtEquiSpacedPts (LocalRegions::ExpansionSharedPtr &exp, const Array< OneD, const NekDouble > &infield, Array< OneD, NekDouble > &outfield)

Static Public Member Functions
static std::shared_ptr< Module >	create (FieldSharedPtr f)
	Creates an instance of this class. More...
Static Public Member Functions inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract
static std::shared_ptr< Module >	create (FieldSharedPtr f)
	Creates an instance of this class. More...

Static Public Attributes
static ModuleKey	className
Static Public Attributes inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract
static ModuleKey	className

Protected Member Functions
void	v_Process (po::variables_map &vm) override
	Write mesh to output file. More...
std::string	v_GetModuleName () override
std::string	v_GetModuleDescription () override
void	GetViscosity (const Array< OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr > exp, const Array< OneD, Array< OneD, NekDouble > > &BndElmtdPhys, Array< OneD, NekDouble > &mu, NekDouble &lambda)
void	GetVelocity (const Array< OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr > exp, const Array< OneD, Array< OneD, NekDouble > > &BndElmtdPhys, Array< OneD, Array< OneD, NekDouble > > &vel)
Protected Member Functions inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract
void	v_Process (po::variables_map &vm) override
std::string	v_GetModuleName () override
std::string	v_GetModuleDescription () override
ModulePriority	v_GetModulePriority () override
Protected Member Functions inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::Module
	Module ()
virtual void	v_Process (po::variables_map &vm)
virtual std::string	v_GetModuleName ()
virtual std::string	v_GetModuleDescription ()
virtual ModulePriority	v_GetModulePriority ()
virtual std::vector< ModuleKey >	v_GetModulePrerequisites ()

Private Attributes
int	m_spacedim

Additional Inherited Members
Public Attributes inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::Module
FieldSharedPtr	m_f
	Field object. More...
Protected Attributes inherited from Nektar::FieldUtils::Module
std::map< std::string, ConfigOption >	m_config
	List of configuration values. More...
std::set< std::string >	m_allowedFiles
	List of allowed file formats. More...

Detailed Description

This processing module calculates the wall shear stress and adds it as an extra-field to the output file, and writes it to a surface output file.

Definition at line 47 of file ProcessWSS.h.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

ProcessWSS()

Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::ProcessWSS

(

FieldSharedPtr

f

)

Definition at line 52 of file ProcessWSS.cpp.

                                       : ProcessBoundaryExtract(f)
{
}

~ProcessWSS()

Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::~ProcessWSS ( )

override

Definition at line 56 of file ProcessWSS.cpp.

{
}

Member Function Documentation

create()

static std::shared_ptr< Module > Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::create ( FieldSharedPtr  f )

inlinestatic

Creates an instance of this class.

Definition at line 51 of file ProcessWSS.h.

    {
        return MemoryManager<ProcessWSS>::AllocateSharedPtr(f);
    }

References Nektar::MemoryManager< DataType >::AllocateSharedPtr().

GetVelocity()

void Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::GetVelocity ( const Array< OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr >  exp, const Array< OneD, Array< OneD, NekDouble > > &  BndElmtdPhys, Array< OneD, Array< OneD, NekDouble > > &  vel  )

protected

Definition at line 410 of file ProcessWSS.cpp.

{
    int npoints = exp[0]->GetNpoints();
    if (boost::iequals(m_f->m_variables[0], "u"))
    {
        // IncNavierStokesSolver
        for (int i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
        {
            vel[i] = Array<OneD, NekDouble>(npoints);
            Vmath::Vcopy(npoints, BndElmtPhys[i], 1, vel[i], 1);
        }
    }
    else if (boost::iequals(m_f->m_variables[0], "rho") &&
             boost::iequals(m_f->m_variables[1], "rhou"))
    {
        // CompressibleFlowSolver
        for (int i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
        {
            vel[i] = Array<OneD, NekDouble>(npoints);
            Vmath::Vdiv(npoints, BndElmtPhys[i + 1], 1, BndElmtPhys[0], 1,
                        vel[i], 1);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Unknown
        ASSERTL0(false, "Could not identify velocity for WSS");
    }
}

References ASSERTL0, Nektar::FieldUtils::Module::m_f, m_spacedim, Vmath::Vcopy(), and Vmath::Vdiv().

Referenced by v_Process().

GetViscosity()

void Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::GetViscosity ( const Array< OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr >  exp, const Array< OneD, Array< OneD, NekDouble > > &  BndElmtdPhys, Array< OneD, NekDouble > &  mu, NekDouble &  lambda  )

protected

Definition at line 301 of file ProcessWSS.cpp.

{
    NekDouble m_mu;
    int npoints = exp[0]->GetNpoints();
 
    if (boost::iequals(m_f->m_variables[0], "u"))
    {
        // IncNavierStokesSolver
        m_mu = m_f->m_session->GetParameter("Kinvis");
        Vmath::Fill(npoints, m_mu, mu, 1);
        lambda = 0;
    }
    else if (boost::iequals(m_f->m_variables[0], "rho") &&
             boost::iequals(m_f->m_variables[1], "rhou"))
    {
        // CompressibleFlowSolver
        std::string m_ViscosityType;
        m_f->m_session->LoadParameter("mu", m_mu, 1.78e-05);
        m_f->m_session->LoadParameter("lambda", lambda, -2.0 / 3.0);
        m_f->m_session->LoadSolverInfo("ViscosityType", m_ViscosityType,
                                       "Constant");
 
        if (m_ViscosityType == "Variable")
        {
            // Check equation of state
            std::string eosType;
            bool m_idealGas;
            m_f->m_session->LoadSolverInfo("EquationOfState", eosType,
                                           "IdealGas");
            m_idealGas = boost::iequals(eosType, "IdealGas");
            ASSERTL0(
                m_idealGas,
                "Only IdealGas EOS implemented for Variable ViscosityType");
 
            // Get relevant parameters
            NekDouble m_gamma;
            NekDouble m_pInf;
            NekDouble m_rhoInf;
            NekDouble m_gasConstant;
            NekDouble cv_inv;
            NekDouble m_Tref;
            NekDouble m_TRatioSutherland;
            m_f->m_session->LoadParameter("Gamma", m_gamma, 1.4);
            m_f->m_session->LoadParameter("pInf", m_pInf, 101325);
            m_f->m_session->LoadParameter("rhoInf", m_rhoInf, 1.225);
            m_f->m_session->LoadParameter("GasConstant", m_gasConstant,
                                          287.058);
            m_f->m_session->LoadParameter("Tref", m_Tref, 288.15);
            m_TRatioSutherland = 110.0 / m_Tref;
 
            // Get temperature from flowfield
            cv_inv = (m_gamma - 1.0) / m_gasConstant;
            // e = 1/rho ( E - 1/2 ( rhou^2/rho + ... ) )
            Array<OneD, NekDouble> tmp(npoints, 0.0);
            Array<OneD, NekDouble> energy(npoints, 0.0);
            Array<OneD, NekDouble> temperature(npoints, 0.0);
 
            Vmath::Vcopy(npoints, BndElmtPhys[m_spacedim + 1], 1, energy, 1);
            for (int i = 0; i < m_spacedim; i++)
            {
                // rhou^2
                Vmath::Vmul(npoints, BndElmtPhys[i + 1], 1, BndElmtPhys[i + 1],
                            1, tmp, 1);
                // rhou^2/rho
                Vmath::Vdiv(npoints, tmp, 1, BndElmtPhys[0], 1, tmp, 1);
 
                // 0.5 rhou^2/rho
                Vmath::Smul(npoints, 0.5, tmp, 1, tmp, 1);
                // E - 0.5 rhou^2/rho - ...
                Vmath::Vsub(npoints, energy, 1, tmp, 1, energy, 1);
            }
 
            // rhou^2/rho
            Vmath::Vdiv(npoints, energy, 1, BndElmtPhys[0], 1, energy, 1);
 
            // T = e/Cv
            Vmath::Smul(npoints, cv_inv, energy, 1, temperature, 1);
 
            // Variable viscosity through the Sutherland's law
            //
            // WARNING, if this routine is modified the same must be done in the
            // CompressibleFlowSolver function in VariableConverter.cpp
            // (this class should be restructured).
 
            const NekDouble C = m_TRatioSutherland;
            NekDouble mu_star = m_mu;
            NekDouble T_star  = m_pInf / (m_rhoInf * m_gasConstant);
            NekDouble ratio;
            for (int i = 0; i < npoints; ++i)
            {
                ratio = temperature[i] / T_star;
                mu[i] = mu_star * ratio * sqrt(ratio) * (1 + C) / (ratio + C);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            Vmath::Fill(npoints, m_mu, mu, 1);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Unknown
        ASSERTL0(false, "Invalid variables for WSS");
    }
}

References ASSERTL0, Vmath::Fill(), Nektar::FieldUtils::Module::m_f, m_mu, m_rhoInf, m_spacedim, Vmath::Smul(), tinysimd::sqrt(), Vmath::Vcopy(), Vmath::Vdiv(), Vmath::Vmul(), and Vmath::Vsub().

Referenced by v_Process().

v_GetModuleDescription()

std::string Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::v_GetModuleDescription ( )

inlineoverrideprotectedvirtual

Reimplemented from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract.

Definition at line 69 of file ProcessWSS.h.

    {
        return "Calculating wall shear stress";
    }

v_GetModuleName()

std::string Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::v_GetModuleName ( )

inlineoverrideprotectedvirtual

Reimplemented from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract.

Definition at line 64 of file ProcessWSS.h.

    {
        return "ProcessWSS";
    }

v_Process()

void Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::v_Process ( po::variables_map &  vm )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Write mesh to output file.

Reimplemented from Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract.

Definition at line 60 of file ProcessWSS.cpp.

{
    ProcessBoundaryExtract::v_Process(vm);
 
    int i, j;
    int nfields = m_f->m_variables.size();
    int expdim  = m_f->m_graph->GetSpaceDimension();
    m_spacedim  = expdim + m_f->m_numHomogeneousDir;
 
    if (m_f->m_exp[0]->GetNumElmts() == 0)
    {
        return;
    }
 
    if (m_spacedim == 1)
    {
        ASSERTL0(false, "Error: wss for a 1D problem cannot "
                        "be computed");
    }
 
    // Declare arrays
    int nshear  = m_spacedim + 1;
    int nstress = m_spacedim * m_spacedim;
    int ngrad   = m_spacedim * m_spacedim;
 
    Array<OneD, Array<OneD, NekDouble>> velocity(nfields);
    Array<OneD, Array<OneD, NekDouble>> grad(ngrad);
    Array<OneD, Array<OneD, NekDouble>> stress(nstress), fstress(nstress);
    Array<OneD, Array<OneD, NekDouble>> fshear(nshear);
 
    Array<OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr> BndExp(nshear);
    Array<OneD, MultiRegions::ExpListSharedPtr> BndElmtExp(nfields);
    Array<OneD, Array<OneD, NekDouble>> BndElmtPhys(nfields);
    Array<OneD, Array<OneD, NekDouble>> BndElmtCoeffs(nfields);
 
    // will resuse nfields expansions to write shear components.
    if (nshear > nfields)
    {
        m_f->m_exp.resize(nshear);
        for (i = nfields; i < nshear; ++i)
        {
            m_f->m_exp[nfields + i] =
                m_f->AppendExpList(m_f->m_numHomogeneousDir);
        }
    }
 
    // Create map of boundary ids for partitioned domains
    SpatialDomains::BoundaryConditions bcs(m_f->m_session,
                                           m_f->m_exp[0]->GetGraph());
    const SpatialDomains::BoundaryRegionCollection bregions =
        bcs.GetBoundaryRegions();
    map<int, int> BndRegionMap;
    int cnt = 0;
    for (auto &breg_it : bregions)
    {
        BndRegionMap[breg_it.first] = cnt++;
    }
 
    // Loop over boundaries to Write
    for (int b = 0; b < m_f->m_bndRegionsToWrite.size(); ++b)
    {
        if (BndRegionMap.count(m_f->m_bndRegionsToWrite[b]) == 1)
        {
            int bnd = BndRegionMap[m_f->m_bndRegionsToWrite[b]];
            // Get expansion list for boundary and for elements containing this
            // bnd
            for (i = 0; i < nshear; i++)
            {
                BndExp[i] = m_f->m_exp[i]->UpdateBndCondExpansion(bnd);
            }
 
            Array<OneD, int> ElmtID, edgeID;
            Array<OneD, NekDouble> tmp1, tmp2;
 
            for (i = 0; i < nfields; i++)
            {
                m_f->m_exp[i]->GetBndElmtExpansion(bnd, BndElmtExp[i]);
                BndElmtPhys[i] = BndElmtExp[i]->UpdatePhys();
            }
 
            // Get number of points in expansions
            int nqb = BndExp[0]->GetTotPoints();
            int nqe = BndElmtExp[0]->GetTotPoints();
 
            // Initialise local arrays for the velocity gradients, and
            // stress components size of total number of quadrature
            // points for elements in this bnd
            for (i = 0; i < ngrad; ++i)
            {
                grad[i] = Array<OneD, NekDouble>(nqe);
            }
 
            for (i = 0; i < nstress; ++i)
            {
                stress[i] = Array<OneD, NekDouble>(nqe);
            }
 
            Array<OneD, NekDouble> div(nqe, 0.0);
 
            // initialise arrays in the boundary
            for (i = 0; i < nstress; ++i)
            {
                fstress[i] = Array<OneD, NekDouble>(nqb);
            }
 
            for (i = 0; i < nshear; ++i)
            {
                fshear[i] = Array<OneD, NekDouble>(nqb, 0.0);
            }
 
            // Extract Velocities
            GetVelocity(BndElmtExp, BndElmtPhys, velocity);
 
            // Extract viscosity coefficients
            NekDouble lambda;
            Array<OneD, NekDouble> mu(nqe, 0.0);
            GetViscosity(BndElmtExp, BndElmtPhys, mu, lambda);
 
            // Compute gradients
            for (i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
            {
                if (m_spacedim == 2)
                {
                    BndElmtExp[i]->PhysDeriv(velocity[i],
                                             grad[i * m_spacedim + 0],
                                             grad[i * m_spacedim + 1]);
                }
                else
                {
                    BndElmtExp[i]->PhysDeriv(
                        velocity[i], grad[i * m_spacedim + 0],
                        grad[i * m_spacedim + 1], grad[i * m_spacedim + 2]);
                }
                // Add contribution to div(u)
                Vmath::Vadd(nqe, grad[i * m_spacedim + i], 1, div, 1, div, 1);
            }
 
            // Velocity divergence scaled by lambda * mu
            Vmath::Smul(nqe, lambda, div, 1, div, 1);
            Vmath::Vmul(nqe, mu, 1, div, 1, div, 1);
 
            // Compute stress component terms
            //    tau_ij = mu*(u_i,j + u_j,i) + mu*lambda*delta_ij*div(u)
            for (i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
            {
                for (j = i; j < m_spacedim; ++j)
                {
                    Vmath::Vadd(nqe, grad[i * m_spacedim + j], 1,
                                grad[j * m_spacedim + i], 1,
                                stress[i * m_spacedim + j], 1);
 
                    Vmath::Vmul(nqe, mu, 1, stress[i * m_spacedim + j], 1,
                                stress[i * m_spacedim + j], 1);
 
                    if (i == j)
                    {
                        // Add divergence term to diagonal
                        Vmath::Vadd(nqe, stress[i * m_spacedim + j], 1, div, 1,
                                    stress[i * m_spacedim + j], 1);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // Copy to make symmetric
                        Vmath::Vcopy(nqe, stress[i * m_spacedim + j], 1,
                                     stress[j * m_spacedim + i], 1);
                    }
                }
            }
 
            // Get boundary stress values.
            for (j = 0; j < nstress; ++j)
            {
                m_f->m_exp[0]->ExtractElmtToBndPhys(bnd, stress[j], fstress[j]);
            }
 
            // Get normals
            Array<OneD, Array<OneD, NekDouble>> normals;
            m_f->m_exp[0]->GetBoundaryNormals(bnd, normals);
            // Reverse normals, to get correct orientation for the body
            for (i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
            {
                Vmath::Neg(nqb, normals[i], 1);
            }
 
            // calculate wss, and update coeffs in the boundary expansion
            // S = tau_ij * n_j
            for (i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
            {
                for (j = 0; j < m_spacedim; ++j)
                {
                    Vmath::Vvtvp(nqb, normals[j], 1,
                                 fstress[i * m_spacedim + j], 1, fshear[i], 1,
                                 fshear[i], 1);
                }
            }
 
            // T = S - (S.n)n
            for (i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
            {
                Vmath::Vvtvp(nqb, normals[i], 1, fshear[i], 1,
                             fshear[nshear - 1], 1, fshear[nshear - 1], 1);
            }
            Vmath::Smul(nqb, -1.0, fshear[nshear - 1], 1, fshear[nshear - 1],
                        1);
 
            for (i = 0; i < m_spacedim; i++)
            {
                Vmath::Vvtvp(nqb, normals[i], 1, fshear[nshear - 1], 1,
                             fshear[i], 1, fshear[i], 1);
                BndExp[i]->FwdTransLocalElmt(fshear[i],
                                             BndExp[i]->UpdateCoeffs());
            }
 
            // Tw
            Vmath::Zero(nqb, fshear[nshear - 1], 1);
            for (i = 0; i < m_spacedim; ++i)
            {
                Vmath::Vvtvp(nqb, fshear[i], 1, fshear[i], 1,
                             fshear[nshear - 1], 1, fshear[nshear - 1], 1);
            }
            Vmath::Vsqrt(nqb, fshear[nshear - 1], 1, fshear[nshear - 1], 1);
            BndExp[nshear - 1]->FwdTransLocalElmt(
                fshear[nshear - 1], BndExp[nshear - 1]->UpdateCoeffs());
        }
    }
 
    if (m_spacedim == 2)
    {
        m_f->m_variables[0] = "Shear_x";
        m_f->m_variables[1] = "Shear_y";
        m_f->m_variables[2] = "Shear_mag";
    }
    else
    {
        m_f->m_variables[0] = "Shear_x";
        m_f->m_variables[1] = "Shear_y";
        m_f->m_variables[2] = "Shear_z";
        m_f->m_variables[3] = "Shear_mag";
    }
}

References ASSERTL0, Nektar::SpatialDomains::BoundaryConditions::GetBoundaryRegions(), GetVelocity(), GetViscosity(), Nektar::FieldUtils::Module::m_f, m_spacedim, Vmath::Neg(), Vmath::Smul(), Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessBoundaryExtract::v_Process(), Vmath::Vadd(), Vmath::Vcopy(), Vmath::Vmul(), Vmath::Vsqrt(), Vmath::Vvtvp(), and Vmath::Zero().

Member Data Documentation

className

ModuleKey Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::className

static

Initial value:

= GetModuleFactory().RegisterCreatorFunction(
    ModuleKey(eProcessModule, "wss"), ProcessWSS::create,
    "Computes wall shear stress field.")

Definition at line 55 of file ProcessWSS.h.

m_spacedim

int Nektar::FieldUtils::ProcessWSS::m_spacedim

private

Definition at line 83 of file ProcessWSS.h.

Referenced by GetVelocity(), GetViscosity(), and v_Process().